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These article has been originally published as Reichard, M., Polacik, M. & Sedlácek, O. (2009) Distribution, colour polymorphism and habitat use of the African killifish, Nothobranchius furzeri, the vertebrate with the shortest lifespan. Journal of Fish Biology, 74, 198-212.
Note: When cited or referred to, please use the reference to original paper.
Distribution, colour polymorphism and habitat useof the African killifish, Nothobranchius
furzeri, the vertebrate with the shortest lifespan
M. Reichard1,2, M.
Polacik1 and O. Sedlácek3
1Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech
Republic, Kvetná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of
Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; 3Deparment of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University,
Vinicná 4, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
Martin Reichard[1],
Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,
Kvetná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
The genus Nothobranchius
(Cyprinodontiformes, Nothobranchiidae) is a group of
small (range
3-
The Nothobranchius furzeri Jubb has the shortest recorded lifespan amongst all vertebrates (Valdesalici & Cellerino, 2003; but see Depczynski & Bellwood, 2005). In nature, its lifespan is limited by habitat existence, but its survival is similarly short in captivity, with a sharp increase in mortality at the age of 6 weeks and a maximum post-hatch lifespan of less than 12 weeks (Valdesalici & Cellerino, 2003). Given that mortality in N. furzeri is intrinsic and ageing fish show severe tissue degradation (e.g. accumulation of lipofuscin in the liver) and a sharp decrease in cognitive functions and locomotor activity (Valenzano et al., 2006a), N. furzeri has been established as a model species in ageing research (Genade et al., 2005; Valenzano et al., 2006b). It has been used for pharmacological studies of lifespan extension (Valenzano & Cellerino 2006) and offers potential for investigating the genetic mechanisms controlling ageing. While the laboratory line shows a lifespan of less than three months (Valdesalici & Cellerino, 2003), there is supposedly large variation in lifespan and life-history traits among different N. furzeri populations (Terzibasi et al., in review).
Current
knowledge of the distribution and natural history of N. furzeri is deficient. The species was described from Gona Re Zhou
Game Reserve in
Since its
description, N. furzeri has never
been collected in the Gona Re Zhou Reserve again (conservation status currently
elevated to National Park) and, until recently, only the captive strain
collected in the late 1960’s was maintained by hobbyists. Gona Re Zhou,
originally designed as an extension of
Data on the distribution, ecology and demography of N. furzeri are essential for their full appreciation in studies investigating the evolutionary origin and consequences of ageing (Genade et al., 2005). In the present study, the results of a systematic survey of 28 N. furzeri populations are presented. Specifically, (1) the range extent of N. furzeri was examined along 10 transects within the potential range of N. furzeri in Mozambique, (2) sex ratio and male colour polymorphism were investigated in most sampled populations and (3) habitat preference and habitat segregation between N. furzeri and other Nothobranchius spp. (sympatric with N. furzeri) were studied.
The study
area in Southern Mozambique (from S 25°
Sampling was conducted between 8 and 22 February
2008 at the end of the rainy season. Pools encountered along the transect were
sampled using a dip net with a triangular metal frame (45 by
For all analyses, a matrix of species presence and environmental variables was reduced by deletion of sites outside the range of N. furzeri (i.e. sites in basins where N. furzeri has not been recorded), yielding a total of 79 sites in all analyses. A one-way ANOVA was used to compare sex and colour morph ratios among parts of the N. furzeri range (defined as transects). Sex and colour morph ratios were expressed as proportions of males and red morph respectively. For these analyses, only populations with at least 9 fish (sex ratio) or 9 males (colour polymorphism) were included. Habitat characteristics at landscape scale (across individual pools) were visualized by detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (dCCA) using CANOCO for Windows 4.5 (ter Braak & Šmilauer, 1997). The dCCA is an ordination technique that relates species presence to variation in environmental variables. For dCCA, the species matrix was coded for 4 columns; N. furzeri, Nothobranchius ortonothus (Peters), N. rachovii Ahl and “no Nothobranchius”. The dCCA is useful for providing insights into relationships between species and habitat since it reduces a multidimensional space of habitat variables and bivariate plots allow a graphical illustration of species occurrence in relation to habitat variables. In brief, each habitat variable is illustrated by a vector; the length of each vector is proportional to the importance of the habitat variable in explaining the variability in the species matrix. The minimum adequate model was constructed by stepwise model simplification from a maximal model containing all explanatory habitat variables and quadratic terms of every continuous variable (Crawley, 2007) by Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) using GLM ANCOVA (a mixture of continuous and categorical variables) with a binary response (presence/absence) variable and log-link function in R 2.0.1 (R Core Development Team, 2006). Histograms were constructed for individual habitat variables to visualize their relationship to N. furzeri presence.
Results
Distribution
The presence of N. furzeri was recorded at 29 of 124 sampling sites investigated, of which 79 were retrospectively classified as within the range of N. furzeri (south of the River Save, excluding the Save and coastal plains of the Indian Ocean). A map of the N. furzeri range with sampling sites investigated is presented in Fig. 1. The findings presented here confirm previous records from the lower Limpopo, the Chefu and the Mazimechopes basins and show that pools with N. furzeri populations are not as sparse as believed previously (earlier collections identified only eight pools with N. furzeri populations). Further, two populations of N. furzeri in the Vaneteze basin (part of the Incomati basin) were recorded, which extend N. furzeri distribution in a south-eastern direction.
The recorded
range of N. furzeri is
Sex ratio and colour polymorphism
Females dominated most populations with a
mean proportion of 72 % across 19 populations where at least 25 N. furzeri were collected. Of those 19
populations, only one had a male-biased sex ratio (53 males, 34 females), while
site 124 had the most female biased sex ratio (9 males, 105 females) (Table I).
There was a less female-biased sex ratio in populations along T3 than along T4
and T5 (ANOVA, F3,13 =
4.7, P = 0.020; Tukey HSD tests for
T3 vs T4: P = 0.041 and for T3 vs T5:
P =
0.031, all other pair-wise comparisons P > 0.22). Sex ratios were 0.41 ±
A total of 14
sites with pure red populations, 3 sites with pure yellow populations (though
they contained only 2, 3, and 9 males captured) and 12 mixed populations were
recorded. Pure red populations occurred at Transect 1 (
Coexistence
with other fish species
Up to three Nothobranchius species inhabited a single temporary pool. Within the N. furzeri range (79 sites), N. furzeri was recorded with N. orthonotus at 10 sites (35 % from 29 sites where N. furzeri was found), with N. orthonotus and N. rachovii at 5 sites (17 %) and with N. rachovii exclusively at 3 sites (10 %). At 16 sites, N. furzeri occurred without any other Nothobranchius species (55 %).
Other fishes recorded sympatric with N. furzeri were small cyprinids, Barbus sp. (3 sites), lungfish, Polypterus annectens brieni Poll (4 sites) and catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) (2 sites). Nothobranchius furzeri was never recorded sympatric with tilapias (Tilapia s. l. juveniles including Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters) and Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger) for which determination was confirmed on adult individuals) that occurred at 11 sampled sites within the N. furzeri range.
Habitat segregation among Nothobranchius spp. is presented in Fig. 2. The first two axes in the CCA accounted for 92.1 % of variation in species-habitat data (55.2 % for the first axis) (test for all canonical axes, F = 1.56, P = 0.018). For the first three axes, eigenvalues were 0.338, 0.073 and 0.024. The highest interspecific segregation was across the gradients of water turbidity, bottom composition and water conductivity (Fig. 2).
Habitat
use
The dCCA revealed that N. furzeri inhabited sites with soft substratum and high turbidity
(Fig. 2). The minimal adequate model (GLM with binomial error) retained
conductivity, substratum, altitude, distance from the nearest river and surface
area as significant factors affecting the presence of N. furzeri populations (Table II). Nothobranchius furzeri was found at altitudes between 18 and 140
masl, at sites with conductivity from 50 to 625 µS.cm-1, soft or
very soft substrata and surface area typically between 50 and
Nothobranchius furzeri
often inhabited simple shallow pools without any vegetation. Within pools with
vegetation, N. furzeri typically
occurred in Nymphaea in close
proximity to open water or at the interface between vegetation and open water.
At site 55 where quantitative sampling was performed, N. furzeri preferred Nymphaea
vegetation (present at 12 out of 20 points) over littoral vegetation (3 of 20)
and open water (0 of 20) and the difference in the use of Nymphaea vegetation compared to other two habitats was significant
(GLM with binomial error, P = 0.019
for habitat type). Water depth was not a significant covariate (P = 0.372). Water temperature was not significant
predictor of N. furzeri presence and
was higher in flooded littoral vegetation than in open water and in Nymphaea vegetation (ANOVA, F2,16 = 107.5, P < 0.001). Water temperature in littoral
vegetation was 30.8 ±
Discussion
The distribution
of N. furzeri extends over the
Incomati, Limpopo and Chefu basins in a relatively small part of southern
The two colour morphs that are expressed in
male N. furzeri have largely
overlapping ranges. In the type population in the upper Chefu basin, only
yellow males were found (Jubbs, 1971). In the lower Chefu basin, all populations
were composed of a mixture of yellow and red males, while only 7 out of 13
populations in the
The sex ratio was almost exclusively
female-biased, but the degree of female bias varied among transects. In fish,
there is a great variability in sex determination and genetic and environmental
determination of sex has evolved multiple times (Mank et al., 2006). In a closely related species, Nothobranchius guentheri (Pfeffer 1893), sex is determined by a
complex combination of sex chromosomes (Ewulonu et al., 1985) and it is likely that sex determination in N. furzeri is also genetic. No sex related
differences in mortality rate or biases in the adult sex ratio were reported in
laboratory studies of life expectancy (Valdesalici & Cellerino, 2003;
Genade et al., 2005; Valenzano et al., 2006a, 2006b; Terzibasi et al., in review) suggesting increased
male extrinsic mortality in natural populations. Male colouration in Nothobranchius spp. is sexually selected
(Haas, 1976b) and showy sexual displays may be associated with increased
mortality risk (Hunt et al., 2004).
Another plausible explanation is that high male mortality stems from severe male-male
disputes over occupancy of superior positions in spawning arenas that are
located at particular places within the habitat (Haas, 1976a) and where females
likely prefer to lay their eggs. Male-male competition is intense in Nothobranchius and often involves
serious injuries to subordinate males (Huber, 2000).
The habitat of all Nothobranchius is characterized by vertisol soils on alluvial deposits (Wildekamp, 2004) and Nothobranchius populations do not occur in pools developed on laterite soils, because only vertisols provide suitable soil structure for survival of dormant eggs during the dry season (Wildekamp, 2004). The present study revealed that other habitat factors are also significantly associated with the presence of N. furzeri populations. The best predictors of N. furzeri presence were a soft muddy substratum and very turbid water (Figs 2 and 3). The water turbidity was likely associated with disturbance by domestic cattle. The cattle, their hoofprints and dung were often encountered at the N. furzeri sites, but no quantitative data were collected to substantiate this observation. Nothobranchius furzeri co-occurred with two other Nothobranchius species at several sites. Multivariate analysis of habitat associations revealed that N. orthonotus is intermediate in its habitat requirements between N. rachovii, a coastal plain species (Wildekamp, 2004), and N. furzeri. Polypterus annectens brieni and C. gariepinus sometimes co-occur with N. furzeri and are their potential predators. In contrast, N. furzeri was not recorded in sympatry with tilapias, which are otherwise abundant in many pools in the study area. This is likely to be a consequence of the different habitat requirements of tilapias, such as connection to permanent habitats.
It is believed that the present data on the distribution
and ecology of N. furzeri will
contribute to the understanding of the association between environmental
conditions, life expectancy and the evolution of rapid onset of senescence. The
latest advance of research on N. furzeri
ageing revealed that a laboratory line derived from a population from a high
altitude/low precipitation site (Transect
Acknowledgements
The study was supported by Czech Science
Foundation (206/06/P152) and Association for Studies on Animal Behaviour. All
fieldwork complied with legal regulations of
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Figure
captions
Fig. 1. Map of the southern
Fig. 2. Bivariate plot of detrended Canonical
Correspondence Analysis showing the position of species (triangles) and habitat
variables (vectors) along the first two canonical axes. Data on altitude; area
(estimated area of water surface); bottom (along the gradient of hard to soft);
conductivity; distance from the nearest (temporary) stream; littoral, Nymphaea
and submergent vegetation; occurrence of sand substrate; and water depth are
superimposed over species presence data.
Fig. 3. The association between N. furzeri occurrence and habitat
variables. Black bars denote the proportion of habitats with N. furzeri populations in a given
interval of the habitat variable. The number of habitats within the intervals
is indicated for each histogram. For water turbidity, the category “clear” sums
blackwater (N = 2) and transparent water (N =10).
|
Sex ratio |
Male morphs |
|
||||||
site |
transect |
males |
females |
total |
sex ratio |
red |
yellow |
Prop red |
Note |
1 |
T1 |
12 |
31 |
43 |
0.28 |
12 |
0 |
1.00 |
|
2 |
T1 |
9 |
22 |
31 |
0.29 |
9 |
0 |
1.00 |
|
8 |
T1 |
11 |
16 |
27 |
0.41 |
11 |
0 |
1.00 |
|
13 |
T1 |
11 |
19 |
30 |
0.37 |
108 |
3 |
0.97 |
|
23 |
T3 |
53 |
34 |
87 |
0.61 |
32 |
21 |
0.60 |
|
28 |
T3 |
56 |
100 |
156 |
0.36 |
48 |
8 |
0.86 |
|
29 |
T3 |
Not estimated |
|
|
6 |
3 |
0.67 |
|
|
33 |
T3 |
61 |
86 |
147 |
0.41 |
11 |
50 |
0.18 |
|
34 |
T3 |
12 |
33 |
45 |
0.27 |
10 |
2 |
0.83 |
|
43 |
T1 |
Not estimated |
|
|
6 |
10 |
0.38 |
|
|
50 |
T1 |
8 |
23 |
31 |
0.26 |
8 |
0 |
1.00 |
|
51 |
T4 |
6 |
23 |
29 |
0.21 |
6 |
0 |
1.00 |
|
53 |
T4 |
12 |
45 |
57 |
0.21 |
11 |
1 |
0.92 |
|
55 |
T4 |
11 |
95 |
106 |
0.10 |
10 |
1 |
0.91 |
|
56 |
T4 |
5 |
20 |
25 |
0.20 |
4 |
1 |
0.80 |
|
120 |
T5 |
10 |
31 |
41 |
0.24 |
1 |
9 |
0.10 |
|
121 |
T4 |
81 |
153 |
234 |
0.35 |
72 |
9 |
0.89 |
|
122 |
T4 |
Not estimated |
|
|
40 |
0 |
1.00 |
|
|
124 |
T5 |
9 |
105 |
114 |
0.08 |
0 |
9 |
0.00 |
|
119 |
T5 |
2 |
8 |
10 |
0.20 |
0 |
2 |
0.00 |
# |
123 |
T5 |
3 |
4 |
7 |
0.43 |
0 |
3 |
0.00 |
# |
40 |
T3 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
0.25 |
0 |
1 |
0.00 |
# |
59 |
T4 |
0 |
3 |
3 |
0.00 |
|
|
|
# |
61 |
T4 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
1.00 |
2 |
0 |
1.00 |
# |
Total |
|
375 |
854 |
1229 |
0.28 |
|
|
|
|
# less than 9 males captured; population was not considered in statistical analysis
Supplementary
table I. List of
sampled pools within the range of N. furzeri,
with their position in the transect, latitude and longitude and presence of Nothobranchius spp. indicated
Site code |
Transect |
Latitude (south) |
Longitude (east) |
N. furzeri |
N. orthonotus |
N. rachovii |
|||
MZCS08 - |
1 |
T1 |
24° |
09.6 |
32° |
48.1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
2 |
T1 |
24° |
03.8 |
32° |
43.9 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
3 |
T1 |
24° |
03.8 |
32° |
43.9 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
4 |
T1 |
24° |
03.8 |
32° |
43.9 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
5 |
T1 |
24° |
02.1 |
32° |
42.1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
6 |
T1 |
24° |
02.1 |
32° |
42.1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
7 |
T1 |
23° |
41.6 |
32° |
36.6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
8 |
T1 |
23° |
41.6 |
32° |
36.6 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
9 |
T1 |
23° |
41.6 |
32° |
36.6 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
10 |
T1 |
23° |
37.4 |
32° |
35.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
11 |
T1 |
23° |
37.4 |
32° |
35.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
12 |
T1 |
23° |
28.4 |
32° |
34.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
13 |
T1 |
23° |
27.5 |
32° |
33.8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
14 |
T1 |
23° |
08.1 |
32° |
24.4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
15 |
T1 |
23° |
06.0 |
32° |
21.7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
16 |
T1 |
23° |
05.1 |
32° |
20.2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
17 |
T1 |
23° |
05.0 |
32° |
19.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
18 |
T1 |
23° |
00.8 |
32° |
14.2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
19 |
T1 |
22° |
41.5 |
32° |
02.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
20 |
T3 |
22° |
44.7 |
32° |
05.4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
21 |
T3 |
22° |
39.0 |
32° |
16.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
22 |
T3 |
22° |
32.3 |
32° |
28.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
23 |
T3 |
22° |
30.5 |
32° |
33.0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
24 |
T3 |
22° |
30.5 |
32° |
33.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
26 |
T3 |
22° |
30.2 |
32° |
34.2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
27 |
T3 |
22° |
28.9 |
32° |
37.2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
28 |
T3 |
22° |
28.9 |
32° |
37.2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
29 |
T3 |
22° |
27.0 |
32° |
38.8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
30 |
T3 |
22° |
23.3 |
32° |
40.1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
31 |
T3 |
22° |
23.3 |
32° |
40.1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
32 |
T3 |
22° |
23.3 |
32° |
40.1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
33 |
T3 |
22° |
21.8 |
32° |
41.9 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
34 |
T3 |
22° |
08.8 |
32° |
49.5 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
35 |
T3 |
22° |
10.9 |
32° |
52.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
36 |
T3 |
22° |
14.4 |
32° |
54.9 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
37 |
T3 |
22° |
20.7 |
32° |
48.1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
38 |
T3 |
22° |
20.8 |
32° |
47.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
39 |
T3 |
22° |
21.8 |
32° |
44.4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
40 |
T3 |
22° |
21.8 |
32° |
43.5 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
41 |
T3 |
22° |
31.8 |
32° |
29.4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
42 |
T3 |
22° |
32.8 |
32° |
27.9 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
43 |
T1 |
23° |
18.4 |
32° |
32.1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
44 |
T1 |
23° |
26.9 |
32° |
33.7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
49 |
T1 |
24° |
12.9 |
32° |
50.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
50 |
T1 |
24° |
12.9 |
32° |
50.0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
51 |
T4 |
24° |
23.4 |
32° |
53.7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
52 |
T4 |
24° |
22.8 |
32° |
55.4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
53 |
T4 |
24° |
22.2 |
32° |
57.0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
54 |
T4 |
24° |
22.2 |
32° |
57.0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
55 |
T4 |
24° |
21.8 |
32° |
57.7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
56 |
T4 |
24° |
21.8 |
32° |
57.7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
57 |
T4 |
24° |
19.2 |
33° |
01.9 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
58 |
T4 |
24° |
17.8 |
33° |
03.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
59 |
T4 |
24° |
17.8 |
33° |
03.4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
60 |
T4 |
24° |
17.8 |
33° |
03.4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
61 |
T4 |
24° |
14.4 |
33° |
09.8 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
62 |
T6 |
24° |
27.5 |
33° |
00.9 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
63 |
T6 |
24° |
32.8 |
33° |
07.7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
64 |
T6 |
24° |
32.9 |
33° |
07.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
65 |
T6 |
24° |
37.0 |
33° |
16.7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
66 |
T6 |
24° |
39.9 |
33° |
21.2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
67 |
T6 |
24° |
40.4 |
33° |
24.6 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
68 |
T6 |
24° |
48.6 |
33° |
30.5 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
69 |
T7 |
25° |
3.7 |
33° |
60.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
70 |
T7 |
25° |
07.1 |
33° |
48.9 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
71 |
T7 |
25° |
46.4 |
33° |
40.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
72 |
T7 |
25° |
47.6 |
33° |
40.4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
73 |
T6 |
24° |
59.7 |
33° |
34.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
74 |
T6 |
25° |
00.0 |
33° |
34.9 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
115 |
T6 |
24° |
59.9 |
33° |
34.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
116 |
T5 |
24° |
44.8 |
33° |
07.1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
117 |
T5 |
24° |
41.0 |
33° |
05.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
118 |
T5 |
24° |
29.0 |
32° |
54.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
119 |
T5 |
24° |
25.1 |
32° |
46.7 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
MZCS08 - |
120 |
T5 |
24° |
19.5 |
32° |
43.2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
121 |
T4 |
24° |
21.5 |
32° |
58.4 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
122 |
T4 |
24° |
18.2 |
33° |
02.8 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
123 |
T5 |
24° |
38.8 |
32° |
26.7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
MZCS08 - |
124 |
T5 |
24° |
35.6 |
32° |
24.3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |